Ages and Stages

As a person ages, the thirst mechanism declines and the ability to sweat decreases. These factors put older adults at risk for heat-related health alterations, especially during hot summer days.

Heatstroke is a medical emergency and must be treated rapidly to prevent serious complications or death. To help prevent heatstroke, teach older adult patients to:

• Reduce activity in hot weather, especially outdoor activity.
• Wear lightweight, loose-fitting clothing during hot weather; when outdoors, wear a hat and sunglasses; and avoid wearing dark colors that absorb sunlight.
• Drink plenty of fluids, especially water, and avoid tea, coffee, and alcohol because they can cause dehydration.
• Stay inside when possible and use the air conditioner system or open windows (making sure that a secure screen is in place). Use a fan to help circulate air. (If the patient doesn't have an air conditioner at home, suggest going to community resources that have air conditioning during periods of excessive heat, such as senior centers, libraries, and churches. Some community centers may even provide transportation for the patient.)