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Box 11-16

Caution!

The following assessment findings commonly occur in patients with metabolic acidosis:

  • confusion
  • decreased deep tendon reflexes
  • a dull headache
  • hyperkalemic signs and symptoms, including abdominal cramping, diarrhea, muscle weakness, and ECG changes
  • hypotension
  • Kussmaul respirations
  • lethargy
  • warm, dry skin
  • nausea
  • fruity breath
  • coma.