section name header

General Reference ⬇

Nejm 2010;363:2135

Pathophys and Cause ⬆ ⬇

Cause:Hypertension, DM, hyperlipidemia

Pathophys:thrombosis of vein

Epidemiology ⬆ ⬇

most over 50yo

Signs and Symptoms ⬆ ⬇

Sx:painless unless ischemic form which is often painful, unilateral vision loss, may be subtle

Si:retinal hemorrhages, optic disc edema, retinal vein edema and engorgement

Treatment ⬆

Rx:laser photocoagulation, intravitreal steroid injection, anti-VEGF agent injection