Platelets are non-nucleated, cytoplasmic, round or oval disks formed from megakaryocytes (large, multinucleated cells).
Platelet activity is necessary for:
- Blood clotting (hemostasis and thrombus formation)
- Vascular integrity
- Vasoconstriction
- Adhesion
- Aggregation
Mean Platelet Volume (MPV):
- Is a measure of the average size of the platelets (in units of fL)
- MPV is useful in the differential diagnosis of thrombocytopenia or thrombocytosis
Consult your laboratory for their normal ranges as these may vary somewhat from the ones listed below.
Platelet Count:
| Conv. Units (× 103/mm3) | SI Units (× 109/L) |
---|
Adult | 140400 | 140400 |
Children | 150450 | 150450 |
Neonate/Infant | 150475 | 150475 |
Cord/Premee | 100300 | 100300 |
MPV:
| Conv. Units (µm3) | SI Units (fL) |
---|
Adult | 7.010.4 | 7.010.4 |
Children | 7.210.4 | 7.210.4 |
Conditions associated with an increased platelet count include:
- High altitudes
- Persistent cold temperatures
- Primary Thrombocytosis
- Reactive Thrombocytosis
- Infection
- Acute Blood Loss
- Disseminated Carcinoma
- Splenectomy (e.g. in Hereditary Spherocytosis)
- Tissue Damage
- Chronic Inflammation
- Surgery
- Burns
- Pre-eclampsia
- Hypothermia
- Iron Deficiency
- Strenuous exercise
Drugs that may increase platelet count include:
- Alglucerase
- Amoxapine
- Auranofin
- Cephalosporins
- Clindamycin
- Clozapine
- Danazol
- Diltiazem
- Dipyridamole
- Donepezil
- Epoetin alfa
- Ertapenem
- Erythropoietin
- Estropipate
- Etretinate
- Fludarabine
- Gemfibrozil
- Glucocorticoids
- Imipenem/cilastin
- Immune globulin
- Indinavir
- Interferon Alfa-2A
- Isotretinoin
- Lansoprazole
- Lithium
- Lomefloxacin
- Megestrol
- Meropenem
- Mesalamine
- Methylprednisolone
- Metoprolol
- Metyrosine
- Miconazole
- Moxalactam
- Netilmicin
- Ofloxacin
- Oral contraceptives
- Paroxetine
- Penicillamine
- Pergolide
- Propranolol
- Steroids
- Ticlopidine
- Venlafaxine
- Zalcitabine
- Zidovudine
Conditions with increased MPV include:
- Acute and CML
- Hemorrhage
- Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
- Megaloblastic anemia
- Myeloproliferative disorders
- Prosthetic heart valve
- Sepsis
- Splenectomy
- Vasculitis