CHADS-2 (Atrial Fibrillation Stroke Risk)
Info
Recent history of congestive heart failure Yes No
Hypertension Yes No
Age >= 75 years <75 years >= 75 years
Diabetes Mellitus Yes No
History of stroke or TIA Yes No
R e s u l t s
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CHADS2 Score
 
Risk of Stroke
 
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Info
CHADS-2 (Atrial Fibrillation Stroke Risk)

The CHADS 2 (CHF, Hypertension, Age, Diabetes, Stroke) score was developed for estimation of the stroke risk in patients with atrial fibrillation.
The CHADS 2 score helps to classify patients into high risk and low risk for stroke and allow appropriate level of anticoagulation to be advised.

5 items make up this CHADS 2 Score, with the CHADS 2 Score being the sum of all items (range 0-6 points).  The higher the score, the higher the risk of stroke, if no anticoagulation is provided.

It should also be pointed out that this score performs better than the AFI and SPAF methods; but does not consider other risks which may increase stroke risk (e.g. valvular heart disease, carotid stenosis, etc).

Elements of the CHADS 2 Score

  • Recent history of congestive heart failure (CHF)
    • Yes [1 pt]
    • No [0 pts]
  • Hypertension
    • Yes [1 pt]
    • No [0 pts]
  • Age >= 75 years
    • <75 years [0 pts]
    • >=75 years [1 pts]
  • Diabetes Mellitus
    • Yes [1 pt]
    • No [0 pts]
  • History of stroke or TIA*
    • Yes [2 pts]
    • No [0 pts]

*Transient Ischemic Attack

Interpretation:

CHADS2 Score Stroke risk per 100 pt-yrs (%) CHADS2 risk level Warfarin Recommended
0 1.9 low No
1 2.8 low No
2 4.0 Moderate Yes
3 5.9 Moderate Yes
4 8.5 High Yes
5 12.5 High Yes
6 18.2 High Yes

References

Fitzgerald BT, et al. Stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: current anticoagulation management and future directions. Cleve Clin J Med. 2005 Apr;72Suppl1:S24-30.

Gage BF, et al. Validation of clinical classification schemes for predicting stroke: results from the National Registry of Atrial Fibrillation. JAMA 2001;285:2864-70.