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Pathophys and Cause

Pathophys:Severe developmental disorder w delayed language and/or communication skills, social interactions and reciprocity, and imaginative play; all preceded by diffuse brain overgrowth and head circumference in 1st 3 yr of life (Jama 2003;290:337). No association w MMR vaccination (Jama 2003;290:1763; Nejm 2002;347:1477)

Epidemiology

(Jama 2001;285:3093, 3141) prevalence of autism = 17 and PDDs = 46/10 000 in preschool children; up to 60/10 000 of autism spectrum disorders (Jama 2003;289:49, 87)

Complications

Depression common comorbidity (Autism 2006;10:103)

Treatment

Rx:

Haloperidol helps but w side effects; risperidone (Risperdal) (Nejm 2002;347:314) helps aggression, tantrums by DBCT; adv effects: tardive dyskinesia risks

Secretin injection no help (Nejm 1999;341:1801)