A novel strain of the H1N1 virus emerged in January 2009 and was labeled H1N1pdm09 virus. It was also known as “swine flu” because it was thought to result from a combination of human influenza and swine influenza viruses. Seasonal flu vaccination did not provide protection against the H1N1pdm09 virus and a pandemic ensued, causing approximately 12,500 deaths in the United States, with an estimated 80% of deaths occurring in people younger than 65 years. Although a vaccine caused an end to the pandemic, the H1N1pdm09 virus continues to circulate in the United States.
Obtain a nasal swab specimen by swabbing both nostrils and placing into a sterile container with a leak-proof cap.
Label specimen with the patient’s name, date, and test(s) ordered and place specimen in biohazard bag and transport to laboratory.
A positive test is consistent with infection; however, identification of the viral subtype is necessary to confirm H1N1pmd09 virus.
Pretest Patient Care
Explain necessity, purpose, and procedure of testing. Assess for and document signs and symptoms of infection (fever, cough, sore throat, and muscular weakness).
Follow guidelines in Chapter 1 for safe, effective, informed pretest care.
Posttest Patient Care
Review test results; report and record findings. Modify the nursing care plan as needed. Counsel the patient as appropriate.
Follow guidelines in Chapter 1 for safe, effective, informed posttest care.