According to CDC guidelines, hands must always be washed with soap and water:
When visibly soiled
After caring for a patient with known or suspected infectious diarrhea or known or suspected spores, such as Bacillus anthracis or Clostridium difficile
Before eating and after using the restroom
According to CDC guidelines, hand hygiene using an alcohol-based hand sanitizer should be performed:
Before and after touching a patient or the patient’s immediate environment
Before and after invasive procedures or handling invasive medical devices
After working on a soiled body part (before moving on to a clean patient body site)
After contact with body fluids or tissues or with soiled equipment, supplies, or surfaces
Before and after glove removal