Know the test terminology and the purpose, process, procedure, and normal reference values or results of the test. Understand the diagnostic process, which begins with assessment of signs and symptoms, involves diagnostic testing and knowledge of normal and pathologic structure and function, and often ends with the labeling of a condition or disease. Be able to describe the test in the language the patient understands or at the patient’s health literacy level.

The environments in which diagnostic services are provided, the degree of cultural diversity present in the community, and the physical, emotional, social, and spiritual state of the patient all influence the patient’s response to the procedure. Including the patient’s significant others is a vital component of the entire process and must not be taken lightly or casually dismissed.