Women of childbearing age who could possibly be in the first trimester of pregnancy should not have x-ray examinations involving the trunk or pelvic regions. A brief menstrual history should be obtained to determine whether a possible pregnancy exists. If pregnancy is possible, a pregnancy test should be done before proceeding with x-ray examination.

All pregnant patients, regardless of trimester, should avoid x-ray, fluoroscopic, and serial film studies of the pelvic region, lumbar spine, and abdomen if at all possible.

Should x-ray studies be necessary for obstetric regions, repeat images should be avoided.

If x-ray studies of nonreproductive tissues are necessary (e.g., dental x-rays), the abdominal and pelvic region should be shielded with a lead apron.