Proposed Pathophysiology of Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Flowchart
Proposed Pathophysiology of Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Flowchart Hepatopulmonary Syndrome Hepatopulmonary Syndrome
«Flowchart»

Cirrhosis and portal hypertension

Cirrhosis and portal hypertension

Cirrhosis and portal hypertension

Cirrhosis and portal hypertension

Vasodilatation
Angiogenesis

Vasodilatation
Angiogenesis

Vasodilatation
Angiogenesis


End

End

End

Inflammation, bacterial translocation, and vasoactive mediators

Inflammation, bacterial translocation, and vasoactive mediators

Inflammation, bacterial translocation, and vasoactive mediators

Hypoxemia

Hypoxemia

Hypoxemia

Hepatopulmonary syndrome

Hepatopulmonary syndrome

Hepatopulmonary syndrome

Hepatopulmonary syndrome

Hepatocyte/cholangiocyte injury
↑ TGF-β ↑ ET1
↑ TNF-
Endotoxemia

Hepatocyte/cholangiocyte injury
↑ TGF-β ↑ ET1
↑ TNF-
Endotoxemia

Hepatocyte/cholangiocyte injury
↑ TGF-β ↑ ET1
↑ TNF-
Endotoxemia


↑ β ↑
↑

↑ eNOS
↑ VEGF

↑ eNOS
↑ VEGF

↑
↑ ↑ eNOS ↑

Monocyte adhesion/activation
↑ iNOS
↑ HO-1

Monocyte adhesion/activation
↑ iNOS
↑ HO-1


↑
↑ Monocyte adhesion/activation