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Table 108.1

Clinical Assessment of the Patient after Drowning

Circumstances of drowning

Quality of water: salt or fresh; clean or contaminated

Immersion/submersion time

CPR required?

  • Time to return of spontaneous circulation
  • Time to first spontaneous gasp
Alcohol or substance use

Evidence of suicidal intent?

Age

Comorbidities

Current symptoms

Physiological observations and systematic examination (ABCDE method)