Causes of Acute Pulmonary Oedema
Causes due to elevated pressure in the pulmonary capillaries Cardiac disease, new presentation:
Iatrogenic fluid overload Subarachnoid haemorrhage Negative-pressure pulmonary oedema (Table 47.8) |
Causes due to increased pulmonary capillary permeability(acute lung injury/ARDS); for management see Table 47.7 | |
Direct lung injury | Indirect lung injury |
Common causes | |
Pneumonia (viral or bacterial) | Sepsis |
Aspiration of gastric contents | Severe trauma with shock and multiple transfusions |
Less common causes | |
Pulmonary contusion | Cardiopulmonary by-pass |
Fat emboli | Drug overdose |
Drowning | Acute pancreatitis |
Inhalational injury | Transfusions of blood |
Reperfusion pulmonary oedema after lung transplantation or pulmonary embolectomy | products |
ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; NSAIDs, non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drugs.