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Table 37.4

Consequences of Acid-Base Disorders

AcidosisAlkalosis
PhysiologicalPhysiological
Systemic vasodilatationPeripheral vasoconstriction
Pulmonary vasoconstrictionPulmonary vasodilatation
HyperventilationHypoventilation
Renal ammoniagenesisRenal bicarbonate secretion
PathologicalPathological
HyperkalaemiaHypokalaemia
Impaired cardiac contractilityReduced coronary blood flow
Bone demineralizationReduced cerebral blood flow
Cardiac arrhythmiaDecreased ionized plasma calcium
Drowsiness and comaParaesthesia and muscle cramps