Causes of Hypomagnesaemia
| Poor intake of magnesium Gastrointestinal loss of magnesium Renal loss of magnesium - Drugs;
- Diuretics (loop and thiazide)
- Antibiotics (aminoglycoside, amphotericin, pentamidine)
- Calcineurin inhibitors
- Cisplatin
- Antibodies targeting epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (cetuximab, panitumumab, matuzumab)
- Volume expansion
- Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
- Hypercalcaemia
- Acquired tubular dysfunction:
- Recovery from acute tubular necrosis
- Post-obstructive diuresis
- Post-renal transplantation
- Genetic disorders:
- Bartter and Gitelman syndromes
- Familial hypomagnesaemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis
- Autosomal dominant isolated hypomagnesaemia (Na-K-ATPase gamma subunit, Kv1.1 and cyclin M2 mutations)
- Autosomal recessive isolated hypomagnesaemia (EGF mutation)
- Renal malformations and early-onset diabetes mellitus (HNF1-beta mutation
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