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Table 52.1

Conditions Predisposing to Infective Endocarditis

High risk
  • Prosthetic heart valve or repair
  • Previous episode of infective endocarditis
  • Congenital disease corrected with a valved shunt
Moderate risk
  • Acquired valve disease
  • Mitral prolapse
  • Bicuspid aortic valve
  • Uncorrected congenital heart disease other than atrial septal defect
  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Predisposing conditions
  • Immunosuppression
  • Indwelling lines, for example haemodialysis
  • Intravenous drug use