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Table 89.2

Causes of Hypophosphataemia

Cellular shift
  • IV glucose
  • Metabolic or respiratory alkalosis
  • Administration of insulin
  • Refeeding syndrome

Inadequate intake of phosphate

Gastrointestinal loss of phosphate

  • Malabsorption states
  • Inhibition of phosphate absorption (e.g. antacids containing aluminium or magnesium, niacin)

Renal loss of phosphate

  • Hypophosphataemic osteomalacia
  • X-linked hypophosphataemia
  • Oncogenic hypophosphataemia
  • Paracetamol poisoning
  • Fanconi syndrome

Others

  • Severe liver disease
  • Sepsis
  • Hyperparathyroidism or parathyroid hormone-related peptide release