Specific Antidotes. NB: Discuss the Case with a Poisons Centre First, Unless You are Familiar with the Poison and its Antidote, As Some Antidotes May Be Harmful if Given Inappropriately
Poison | Antidote |
---|---|
Anticholinergic agents | Physostigmine |
Arsenic | Dimercaprol |
Benzodiazepines | Flumazenil |
Beta-blockers | Glucagon |
Calcium antagonists | Calcium gluconate |
Cyanide | Dicobalt edetate alone or sodium nitrite + sodium thiosulphate |
Dabigatrin | Idarucizumab |
Digoxin | Digoxin-specific antibody fragments |
Ethylene glycol | Ethanol or 4-methylpyrazole |
Fluoride | Calcium gluconate |
Buproprion, local anaesthetics | Lipid emulsion (Intralipid®) |
Iron | Desferrioxamine |
Lead | Dimercaprol or penicillamine |
Mercury | Dimercaprol or penicillamine |
Methanol | Ethanol or 4-methylpyrazole |
Opioids | Naloxone |
Organophosphates | Atropine |
Paracetamol | Acetylcysteine (Appendix 36.1) |
Thallium | Berlin blue |
Warfarin | Vitamin K or fresh frozen plasma or prothrombin complex concentrate |
(see p. 591) |