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Introduction

AHFS Class:

Generic Name(s):

Hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid secreted by the adrenal cortex.

Uses

Hydrocortisone and its acetate, buteprate, butyrate, and valerate esters share the actions of other topical corticosteroids and are used for the relief of inflammatory manifestations of corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, including dermatoses of the anogenital areas. Nonprescription preparations containing 0.5% hydrocortisone or hydrocortisone acetate are used for the temporary relief of minor skin irritations, itching, and rashes caused by eczema, dermatitis, insect bites, poison ivy, poison oak, poison sumac, soaps, detergents, cosmetics, or jewelry; for temporary relief of itchy anal and/or genital areas; and for temporary relief of itching and minor scalp irritation caused by scalp dermatitis. Hydrocortisone acetate also is used as a paste for adjunctive treatment to provide temporary relief of symptoms associated with oral inflammatory or ulcerative lesions resulting from trauma.

Hydrocortisone also is administered rectally as a retention enema for the adjunctive treatment of mild or moderate acute ulcerative colitis limited to the rectosigmoid or left colon and, to a lesser extent, in some patients with mild ulcerative colitis of the transverse or descending colon. Hydrocortisone acetate is administered rectally as a suppository or an aerosol foam suspension for the adjunctive treatment of ulcerative colitis of the rectum. As rectal suppositories, hydrocortisone acetate is used in the treatment of other inflammatory conditions of the anorectum (e.g., inflamed hemorrhoids, postirradiation or factitial proctitis, cryptitis, pruritus ani).

Dosage and Administration

Hydrocortisone and its acetate, buteprate, butyrate, and valerate esters are applied topically. Dermatologic preparations of the drugs are applied sparingly in thin films and are rubbed gently into the affected area 1-4 times daily. Rectal creams and ointments of the drugs are applied externally to the anal area. Some commercially available creams may be applied externally to the anogenital areas. Nonprescription preparations of the drugs should not be used for self-medication for longer than 7 days; if the condition worsens or symptoms persist, the drug should be discontinued and a physician consulted. Nonprescription preparations of the drugs should not be used in children younger than 2 years of age unless directed and supervised by a physician.

For dermatoses of the scalp, the hair may be parted and a small amount of lotion applied directly to the affected area and rubbed gently into the scalp. Usual hair care should be maintained, but the lotion should not be washed out immediately after application. Alternatively, for dermatoses of the scalp, hydrocortisone aerosol is applied to the dry scalp after shampooing. When the aerosol is used for other dermatoses, each 10-cm2 of affected area is sprayed for 1-2 seconds from a distance of about 15 cm 2 or 3 times daily.

Occlusive dressings may be used for severe or resistant dermatoses.

For use in the mouth, a small amount of 0.5% hydrocortisone acetate paste is pressed to the lesion without rubbing until a thin film develops. The paste is applied 2 or 3 times daily after meals and at bedtime. If substantial regeneration or repair of the oral tissues does not occur after 7 days of treatment, further investigation of the etiology of the oral lesions should be undertaken.

Hydrocortisone is administered rectally as a retention enema, and hydrocortisone acetate is given rectally as a suppository or an aerosol foam suspension according to the manufacturers' instructions. Patients should be advised that hydrocortisone acetate suppositories may stain fabric so that they can take appropriate precautionary measures. For the adjunctive treatment of ulcerative colitis, 100 mg of hydrocortisone is administered nightly as a retention enema. The patient should lie on his left side during and for 30 minutes after administration of the retention enema so that the drug will distribute throughout the left colon; the enema should be retained for at least 1 hour and preferably all night. Some clinicians administer 100 mg as a retention enema twice daily followed by 100 mg nightly when improvement occurs. The drug is usually given for 21 days or until clinical and proctologic remissions are achieved. Clinical symptoms may improve in 3-5 days, followed by proctologic improvement; in some cases, 2-3 months of therapy may be required to attain a proctologic remission. Therapy with hydrocortisone retention enema should be discontinued if clinical or proctologic improvement does not occur within 2-3 weeks. Following treatment for longer than 21 days, therapy with hydrocortisone enema should be withdrawn gradually by giving the drug every other night for 2-3 weeks and then discontinuing it.

In patients with ulcerative proctitis of the distal rectum who cannot retain corticosteroid enemas, 90 mg of hydrocortisone acetate (1 applicatorful of a 10% aerosol foam suspension) may be given rectally 1 or 2 times daily for 2-3 weeks and then, if necessary, every other day until clinical and proctologic improvements occur; symptoms may improve within 5-7 days. For the adjunctive treatment of ulcerative colitis of the rectum and other inflammatory conditions of the anorectum, 25 mg of hydrocortisone acetate as a suppository may be administered rectally in the morning and at night for 2 weeks; in severe proctitis, 25 mg may be given 3 times daily or 50 mg may be given twice daily. For the adjunctive treatment of postirradiation or factitial proctitis, therapy is generally continued for 6-8 weeks or less if an adequate response is attained. Alternatively, for the symptomatic treatment of internal hemorrhoids and the adjunctive treatment of other inflammatory conditions of the anorectum, 10 mg of hydrocortisone acetate as a suppository may be administered rectally in the morning and at night for 2-6 days.

Other Information

[Section Outline]

Chemistry and Stability

Chemistry !!navigator!!

Hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid secreted by the adrenal cortex. Hydrocortisone and hydrocortisone acetate occur as white to practically white, crystalline powders; hydrocortisone valerate occurs as a white crystalline powder. Hydrocortisone is very slightly soluble in water and sparingly soluble in alcohol. Hydrocortisone acetate and hydrocortisone valerate are insoluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol.

Stability !!navigator!!

Hydrocortisone preparations should be stored according to the manufacturer's directions.

Additional Information

For further information on chemistry, pharmacology, absorption, uses, cautions, methods of dermatologic application, and use of occlusive dressings in therapy with hydrocortisone, see the Topical Corticosteroids General Statement 84:06.08. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. represents that the information provided in the accompanying monograph was formulated with a reasonable standard of care, and in conformity with professional standards in the field. Readers are advised that decisions regarding use of drugs are complex medical decisions requiring the independent, informed decision of an appropriate health care professional, and that the information contained in the monograph is provided for informational purposes only. The manufacturer's labeling should be consulted for more detailed information. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. does not endorse or recommend the use of any drug. The information contained in the monograph is not a substitute for medical care.

Preparations

Excipients in commercially available drug preparations may have clinically important effects in some individuals; consult specific product labeling for details.

Please refer to the ASHP Drug Shortages Resource Center for information on shortages of one or more of these preparations.

Hydrocortisone

Routes

Dosage Forms

Strengths

Brand Names

Manufacturer

Bulk

Powder*

Rectal

Cream

1%

Proctocort®

Monarch

Suspension

100 mg/60 mL

Hydrocortisone Enema

Copley

Topical

Cream

0.5%*

Cortizone®-5

Pfizer

Cortizone® for Kids®

Pfizer

1%*

Ala-Cort®

Del-Ray

Cortaid® Intensive Therapy

Pfizer

Cortizone®-10

Pfizer

Cortizone®-10 External Anal Itch Relief Creme®

Pfizer

Dermacort®

Melaleuca

DermiCort®

Republic

HydroSKIN®

Rugby

Hytone®

Dermik

Penecort®

Allergan

Preparation H® Hydrocortisone

Wyeth

2.5%*

Anusol-HC®

Pfizer

Hytone®

Dermik

Gel

1%

CortaGel® Extra Strength

Norstar

Lotion

0.5%*

HydroSKIN®

Rugby

1%*

Ala-Cort®

Del-Ray

Aquanil HC®

Person & Covey

Cetacort®

Healthpoint

HydroSKIN®

Rugby

LactiCare®-HC

Stiefel

Nutracort®

Healthpoint

Sarnol® HC

Stiefel

2%

Ala-Scalpt®

Del-Ray

2.5%

Hydrocortisone Lotion

Glades

Hytone®

Dermik

LactiCare®-HC

Stiefel

Nutracort®

Healthpoint

Proctocream®-HC

Physicians Total Care

Ointment

0.5%*

Cortizone®-5

Pfizer

1%*

Cortizone®-10

Pfizer

HydroSKIN®

Rugby

2.5%*

Hytone®

Dermik

Pledgets (saturated with solution)

0.5%

Massengill® Medicated Soft Cloth Towelette®

GlaxoSmithKline

Solution

1%

Cortaid® FastStick® Maximum Strength

Pfizer

Cortaid® Spray Maximum Strength

Pfizer

Cortizone®-10 Scalp Itch Formula Liquid

Pfizer

Penecort®

Allergan

Texacort®

Sirius

2.5%

Texacort®

Sirius

* available from one or more manufacturer, distributor, and/or repackager by generic (nonproprietary) name

Hydrocortisone Combinations

Routes

Dosage Forms

Strengths

Brand Names

Manufacturer

Topical

Ointment

1% with Bacitracin Zinc 400 units (of bacitracin) per g, Neomycin Sulfate 0.5% (0.35% of neomycin), and Polymyxin B Sulfate 5000 units (of polymyxin B) per g

Cortisporin®

Monarch

Solution

1% with Neosporin Sulfate 0.5% (0.35% of neomycin), and Polymyxin B Sulfate 10,000 units (of polymyxin B) per g

LazerSporin-C® (with propylene glycol)

Pedinol

* available from one or more manufacturer, distributor, and/or repackager by generic (nonproprietary) name

Hydrocortisone Acetate

Routes

Dosage Forms

Strengths

Brand Names

Manufacturer

Bulk

Powder*

Rectal

Aerosol, foam suspension

10%

Cortifoam®

Schwarz

Suppositories

25 mg

Anucort-HC®

G&W

Anu-Med® HC

Major

Anusol-HC®

Pfizer

Hemorrhoidal®-HC

Actavis

Hemril-HC® Uniserts®

Upsher-Smith

Hydrocortisone Acetate Suppositories

30 mg

Proctocort®

Monarch

Topical

Cream

0.5%

Corticaine®

UCB

0.5% (of hydrocortisone)*

Cortaid® Sensitive Skin Formula

Pfizer

1% (of hydrocortisone)

Caldecort® Anti-Itch (with propylene glycol)

Novartis

Cortaid® Maximum Strength (with aloe and methylparaben)

Pfizer

Dermarest® DriCort®

Del

Dermtex® HC (with menthol 1%)

Pfeiffer

Hydrocortisone Acetate Cream

Nupercainal® Hydrocortisone Anti-Itch Cream (with propylene glycol)

Novartis

Lotion

0.5% (of hydrocortisone)*

Hydrocortisone Acetate Lotion

Ointment

0.5% (of hydrocortisone)

Cortaid® Sensitive Skin Formula

Pfizer

1%

Anusert® HC-1

G&W

Gynecort® 10

Combe

Lanacort® 10

Combe

1% (of hydrocortisone)

Anusol-HC®-1

Pfizer

Cortaid® Maximum Strength

Pfizer

Paste

0.5%

Orabase® HCA

Colgate

Solution

1%

Scalp-Aid®

Major

Scalpcort® Maximum Strength

Clay-Park

1% (of hydrocortisone)

Dermtex® HC Spray

Pfeiffer

* available from one or more manufacturer, distributor, and/or repackager by generic (nonproprietary) name

Hydrocortisone Acetate Combinations

Routes

Dosage Forms

Strengths

Brand Names

Manufacturer

Rectal

Aerosol, foam suspension

1% with Pramoxine Hydrochloride 1%

Proctofoam®-HC

Schwarz

Topical

Aerosol, foam suspension

1% with Pramoxine Hydrochloride 1%

Epifoam®

Schwarz

Cream

0.5% with Chlorcyclizine Hydrochloride 2%

Mantadil®

GlaxoSmithKline

0.5% with Neomycin Sulfate 0.5% (0.35% of neomycin) and Polymyxin B Sulfate 10,000 units (of polymyxin B) per g

Cortisporin®

Monarch

1% with Pramoxine Hydrochloride 1%

Analpram-HC®

Ferndale

Enzone®

Forest

Pramosone®

Ferndale

proctocream®-HC

Schwarz

Zone-A® Cream

Forest

1% with Urea 10%

Carmol® HC

Doak

2.5% with Pramoxine Hydrochloride 1%

Analpram-HC®

Ferndale

Pramosone®

Ferndale

Lotion

1% with Pramoxine Hydrochloride 1%

Pramosone®

Ferndale

Zone-A® Lotion

Forest

2.5% with Pramoxine Hydrochloride 1%

Pramosone®

Ferndale

Zone-A® Forte Lotion

Forest

Ointment

1% with Pramoxine Hydrochloride 1%

Pramosone®

Ferndale

2.5% with Pramoxine Hydrochloride 1%

Pramosone®

Ferndale

Hydrocortisone Buteprate

Routes

Dosage Forms

Strengths

Brand Names

Manufacturer

Topical

Cream

0.1%

Pandel®

Savage

Hydrocortisone Butyrate

Routes

Dosage Forms

Strengths

Brand Names

Manufacturer

Topical

Cream

0.1%

Locoid®

Ferndale

Ointment

0.1%

Locoid®

Ferndale

Solution

0.1%

Locoid®

Ferndale

Hydrocortisone Valerate

Routes

Dosage Forms

Strengths

Brand Names

Manufacturer

Topical

Cream

0.2%

Westcort®

Westwood-Squibb

Ointment

0.2%

Westcort®

Westwood-Squibb

Copyright

AHFS® Drug Information. © Copyright, 1959-2024, Selected Revisions October 10, 2024. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc., 4500 East-West Highway, Suite 900, Bethesda, MD 20814.