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Notes

img1.gifHigh residuals can indicate gastroparesis and intolerance to advancement to higher volume of formula.

img1.gifCheck before each feeding, before administration of medication, or every 4 hr for continuous feeding.

  1. Using 60-mL syringe, withdraw from gastric feeding tube any residual formula that may remain in stomach.
  2. If residual volume is greater than predetermined amount (usually >100 mL), stomach is not emptying properly, and next feeding is withheld and rechecked in 1 hr. Do not reinstill aspirate obtained for measurement.
  3. If residuals are still high after 1 hr, notify physician.

nclex.jpgTube Feeding—Complications

ComplicationCommon Causes and Interventions
Nausea, Vomiting, Bloating
  • Large residuals: Withhold or decrease feedings.
  • Medication: Review meds and consult physician.
  • Rapid infusion rate: Decrease rate.
Diarrhea
  • Too-rapid administration: Reduce rate.
  • Refrigerated TF: Administer at room temp.
  • Tube migration into duodenum: Retract tube to reposition in stomach and reconfirm placement.
Constipation
  • Decreased fluid intake: Provide adequate hydration.
  • Decreased dietary fiber: Use formula with fiber.
Aspiration, Gastric Reflux
  • Improper tube placement: Verify placement.
  • Delayed gastric emptying: Check residuals.
  • Positioning: Keep HOB elevated 30°–45°.
Occluded Tube
  • Inadequate flushing: Flush more routinely.
  • Use of crushed meds: Switch to liquid meds.
Displaced Tube
  • Improperly secured tube: Retape tube.
  • Confused Pt: Follow institutional policy.