High residuals can indicate gastroparesis and intolerance to advancement to higher volume of formula.
Check before each feeding, before administration of medication, or every 4 hr for continuous feeding.
- Using 60-mL syringe, withdraw from gastric feeding tube any residual formula that may remain in stomach.
- If residual volume <30 mL, reinstill aspirate and flush with 30 mL of water.
- If residual volume is greater than predetermined amount (usually >100 mL), stomach is not emptying properly, and next feeding is withheld and rechecked in 1 hr. Do not reinstill aspirate obtained for measurement.
- If residuals are still high after 1 hr, notify physician.
Tube FeedingComplications
| Complication | Common Causes and Interventions |
|---|
| Nausea, Vomiting, Bloating | - Large residuals: Withhold or decrease feedings.
- Medication: Review meds and consult physician.
- Rapid infusion rate: Decrease rate.
|
| Diarrhea | - Too-rapid administration: Reduce rate.
- Refrigerated TF: Administer at room temp.
- Tube migration into duodenum: Retract tube to reposition in stomach and reconfirm placement.
|
| Constipation | - Decreased fluid intake: Provide adequate hydration.
- Decreased dietary fiber: Use formula with fiber.
|
| Aspiration, Gastric Reflux | - Improper tube placement: Verify placement.
- Delayed gastric emptying: Check residuals.
- Positioning: Keep HOB elevated 30°45°.
|
| Occluded Tube | - Inadequate flushing: Flush more routinely.
- Use of crushed meds: Switch to liquid meds.
|
| Displaced Tube | - Improperly secured tube: Retape tube.
- Confused Pt: Follow institutional policy.
|