poliovirus vaccine, inactivated [IM/SC]

Adult Dosing

Active immunization against poliovirus Types 1, 2, and 3

Unvaccinated adults

0.5 mL IM/SC x 2, at 1- to 2-month interval and then 0.5 mL IM/SC x 1 after 6-12 months of prior dose
0.5 mL M/SC x 3 at least 1 month apart, if <3 months are available before protection
0.5 mL IM/SC x 2, 1 month apart, if 1-2 months are available before protection
0.5 mL IM/SC x 1, if <1 month is available before protection

Incompletely vaccinated adults

0.5 mL IM/SC x 1-2, to complete a primary series if time permits

Completely vaccinated adults

0.5 mL IM/SC x 1

Note:

Administer in the deltoid area

Pediatric Dosing

Active immunization against poliovirus Types 1, 2, and 3

0.5 mL IM/SC x 3 at 2,4 and 6-18 months of age, preferably 4-8 wks apart
Booster dose: 0.5 mL x 1 at 4-6 yrs of age

Notes:

First immunization may be administered as early as 6 wks of age
Interruption of the recommended schedule with a delay between doses does not interfere with the final immunity; hence, there is no need to start the series over again, regardless of the time elapsed between doses
Administer in the mid-lateral aspect of the thigh in infants and small children; in older children, administer in the deltoid area

[Outline]

Adult Dosing
Pediatric Dosing

Indications ⬆ ⬇

Active immunization of infants, children and adults for the prevention of poliomyelitis caused by poliovirus Types 1, 2, and 3

Contraindications ⬆ ⬇

Hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients of the product
Hypersensitivity to 2-phenoxyethanol
Hypersensitivity to formaldehyde
Hypersensitivity to neomycin
Hypersensitivity to streptomycin
Hypersensitivity to polymyxin B
Anaphylaxis/anaphylactic shock within 24 hrs of prior dose
Acute febrile illness

Black Box Warnings ⬆ ⬇

Dosing Adjustment ⬆ ⬇

Renal Dose Adjustment

Renal impairment: Dose adjustments not defined

Hepatic Dose Adjustment

Hepatic impairment: Dose adjustments not defined

Warnings/Precautions ⬆ ⬇

See Supplemental Patient Information

Formaldehyde, neomycin, 2-phenoxyethanol, polymyxin B, and streptomycin are used in the production of poliovirus vaccine. Although purification procedures eliminate measurable amounts of these substances, trace amounts may be present that may cause allergic reactions in individuals sensitive to these substances
Patient’s immunization history, current health status, and medical history should be reviewed for possible vaccine hypersensitivity prior to administering any vaccine. Epinephrine (1:1000) injection and other appropriate agents should be readily available in case of anaphylactic or acute hypersensitivity reactions
Guillain-Barré syndrome has been temporally related to administration of another inactivated poliovirus vaccine. Deaths have been reported in association with the administration of poliovirus vaccine inactivated (IPV)
Following therapy administration, protective immune response against paralytic poliomyelitis may not develop in immunodeficient patients or those receiving immunosuppressive therapy
Vaccination may not protect 100% of individuals
IPV vaccine is not contraindicated in individuals infected with HIV
Take special care to ensure that the injection does not enter a blood vessel

Cautions: Use with caution in

Immunocompromised patients
Concomitant immunosuppressive therapy

Supplemental Patient Information

Inform the patients, parents or guardians of the importance of completing the immunization series
Instruct patients, parents or guardians to promptly report their physician if they experience any serious adverse reactions

Pregnancy/Breast Feeding ⬆ ⬇

Pregnancy Category:C

Breastfeeding: As per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and American Academy of Pediatrics, polio vaccines administered to nursing mothers do not affect the safety of breastfeeding for mothers or infants and that breastfeeding is not a contraindication to poliovirus vaccine. Routinely vaccinate the breastfed infants as per the recommended schedules. This information is based upon LactMed database (available at http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/htmlgen?LACT last accessed 31 Aug 2011). Manufacturer advises caution.

Adverse Reactions ⬆ ⬇

CNS: Irritability, sleepiness, fussiness
GI: Anorexia, vomiting
LOCAL: Erythema, induration, pain, swelling
MISC: Fever, persistent crying, tiredness

Clinical Pharmacology ⬆ ⬇

Vaccine; induces protective anti-poliovirus antibodies, reducing pharyngeal excretion of poliovirus types 1, 2, or 3
Metabolism: Other
Excretion: Other
Half-life: Unknown

Brands and Availability ⬆ ⬇

US Trade Name(s)

IPOL

US Availability

IPOL

INJ: 40 D antigen units (Type 1 poliovirus), 8 D antigen units (Type 2 poliovirus), 32 D antigen units (Type 3 poliovirus) [0.5 mL vial]
INJ: 40 D antigen units (Type 1 poliovirus), 8 D antigen units (Type 2 poliovirus), 32 D antigen units (Type 3 poliovirus) [0.5 mL prefilled syringe]

Canadian Trade Name(s)

Imovax Polio

Canadian Availability

inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine (generic)

INJ: 40 D antigen units (Type 1 poliovirus), 8 D antigen units (Type 2 poliovirus), 32 D antigen units (Type 3 poliovirus) [0.5 mL amp]

Imovax Polio

INJ: 40 D antigen units (Type 1 poliovirus), 8 D antigen units (Type 2 poliovirus), 32 D antigen units (Type 3 poliovirus) [0.5 mL prefilled syringe]

UK Trade Name(s)

UK Availability

Australian Trade Name(s)

IPOL

Australian Availability