Adult Dosing

Mild-moderate infections

• >40 kg: 125 mg PO qid; 1 hr before or 2 hrs after meals

Severe infections

• >40 kg: 250 mg PO qid; 1 hr before or 2 hrs after meals

Pediatric Dosing

Mild-moderate infections

• <40 kg: 12.5 mg/kg/day in equally divided doses PO qid; 1 hr before or 2 hrs after meals

Severe infections

• <40 kg: 25 mg/kg/day in equally divided doses PO qid; 1 hr before or 2 hrs after meals

[Outline]

• Adult Dosing
• Pediatric Dosing

• Treatment of the following infections caused by penicillinase-producing staphylococci
• Respiratory tract infections
• Urinary tract infections
• Osteomyelitis
• Skin and skin structure infections

• Hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients or class of the product

• N/A

Renal Dose Adjustment

• Renal impairment: No dose adjustments

Hepatic Dose Adjustment

• Hepatic impairment: Dose adjustments not defined

See Supplemental Patient Information

• Serious or fatal hypersensitivity reactions may occur following administration of the therapy. Anaphylactic shock resulting in death have also been reported
• Prior to administering therapy, obtain a comprehensive patient drug and allergy history; make careful inquiry regarding previous hypersensitivity reactions to penicillins, cephalosporins, or other drugs
• If an allergic reaction occurs, the drug should be discontinued and the patient should receive supportive treatment
• Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD), ranging from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis, may occur during the therapy
• If CDAD is suspected, immediately suspend therapy and start with fluid and electrolyte management, protein supplementation, antibiotic treatment for C. difficile and surgical evaluation whenever indicated
• Avoid therapy in the absence of a proven or strongly suspected bacterial infection or a prophylactic indication as it may increase the risk of development of drug-resistant bacteria
• Periodically evaluate renal, hepatic, and hematologic systems during prolonged therapy

Caution: Use cautiously in

• Non-anaphylactic hypersensitivity to beta-lactams
• Epstein–Barr virus and cytomegalovirus infections
• Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
• Renal impairment
• Neonates

Supplemental Patient Information

• Advise patients to discontinue dicloxacillin therapy and promptly inform their clinicians if they develop shortness of breath, wheezing, rash, mouth irritation, black tongue, sore throat, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, swollen joints, or any unusual bleeding or bruising during therapy

Pregnancy Category:B

Breastfeeding: Safety unknown. Limited information indicates that dicloxacillin levels in milk are low and are not expected to cause adverse effects in breastfed infants. This information is based upon LactMed database (available at http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/htmlgen?LACT last accessed 3 March 2011). Manufacturer advises caution.

• CNS: Seizures, dizziness
• GI: Pseudomembranous colitis, diarrhea, epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, black or hairy tongue, abdominal pain, increased liver enzymes, hepatotoxicity
• GU: Interstitial nephritis, renal tubular damage
• DERM: Rash, urticaria, pruritus
• HEMA: Eosinophilia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, neutropenia, anemia, myelosuppression
• MISC: Allergic reactions including anaphylaxis and serum sickness, fever, fatigue

• Penicillinase-resistant penicillins; binds to bacterial cell wall leading to cell death
• Metabolized by liver (partially); CYP450: unknown
• Excreted in urine 50-70% (primarily unchanged), minimally excreted in feces, bile
• Half life: 0.7 hrs

US Trade Name(s)

• Only generic available

US Availability

dicloxacillin (generic)

• CAPS: 125, 250, 500 mg

Canadian Trade Name(s)

• N/A

Canadian Availability

• N/A

UK Trade Name(s)

• N/A

UK Availability

• N/A

Australian Trade Name(s)

• Diclocil
• Dicloxsig
• Distaph

Australian Availability

Diclocil, Dicloxsig, Distaph

• CAPS: 250, 500 mg

[Outline]

Antimicrobials

Antibiotics

Penicillins; Penicillinase Resistant

Infectious Disease

Antibiotics

Penicillins; Penicillinase Resistant

Drug Name: Dicloxacillin 250 MG Oral Capsule

Ingredient(s): Dicloxacillin

Imprint: GG854

Color(s): Blue

Shape: Capsule

Size (mm): 18.00

Score: 1

Inactive Ingredient(s): gelatin / fd&c blue no. 1 / magnesium stearate / titanium dioxide

Drug Label Author:
Sandoz Inc

DEA Schedule:
Non-Scheduled

Drug Name: Dicloxacillin 500 MG Oral Capsule

Ingredient(s): Dicloxacillin

Imprint: GG855

Color(s): Blue

Shape: Capsule

Size (mm): 22.00

Score: 1

Inactive Ingredient(s): gelatin / fd&c blue no. 1 / magnesium stearate / titanium dioxide

Drug Label Author:
Sandoz Inc

DEA Schedule:
Non-Scheduled