Hydrochloric Acid Infusion for Alkalemia
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Patient weight
unit kg lb
Patient serum Cl
unit mEq/L mmol/L
R e s u l t s
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H+(mmol)
 
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Hydrochloric Acid Infusion for Alkalemia

In cases of severe alkalemia needing rapid correction; Hydrochloric acid infusion may be indicated.

A 0.1 Normal (0.1 N) solution is given intravenously (through central line), with this solution being prepared by placing 100 mmol of HCl in 1 liter of sterile water.

The goal is typically lowering of the HCO3 to a level of 8-12 mmol/L gradually over 12-24 hours (requires ongoing laboratory monitoring).

Formula used:

This formula calculates the total mmol of HCl to administer:

  • H+ (mmol) = 0.5 × weight (kg) × [103 - serum Cl (mmol or mEq/L)]
  • mL to administer IV (0.1 N solution) over 24 hours = H+ mmol calculated × 10

References:

  • Gnerlich JL, Buchman TG. Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Disorders. In: Klingensmith ME, ed. The Washington Manual of Surgery. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008:71-91.