section name header

Pronunciation

sem-a-GLOO-tide

Classifications

Therapeutic Classification: antidiabetics, weight control agents

Pharmacologic Classification: glucagon like peptide 1 glp 1 receptor agonists

Indications

REMS


Ozempic and Rybelsus

Ozempic

Wegovy

Action

  • Acts as an acylated human glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1, an incretin) receptor agonist; increases intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) leading to insulin release when glucose is elevated, which then subsides as blood glucose decreases toward euglycemia. Also decreases glucagon secretion and delays gastric emptying. Also helps to suppress appetite, leading to decreased caloric intake.
Therapeutic effects:
  • Improved glycemic control.
  • Reduction in risk of cardiovascular death, non-fatal MI, or non-fatal stroke.
  • Reduction in body weight.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: 89% absorbed following SUBQ injection; 0.4–1% absorbed following oral administration.

Distribution: Minimally distributed to tissues.

Protein Binding: >99%.

Metabolism/Excretion: Endogenously metabolized; eliminated in the urine (3% as unchanged drug) and feces.

Half-Life: 1 wk.

Time/Action Profile

(plasma concentrations)

ROUTEONSETPEAKDURATION
SUBQunknown1–3 daysunknown
POunknown1 hrunknown





Contraind./Precautions

Contraindicated in:

Use Cautiously in:

Adv. Reactions/Side Effects

CV: heart rate

Derm: hair loss

EENT: retinopathy complications

Endo: hypoglycemia, MEDULLARY THYROID CARCINOMA

GI: abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, appetite, amylase, lipase, abdominal distention, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, dyspepsia, flatulence, PANCREATITIS, vomiting

GU: acute kidney injury

Local: injection site reactions

Neuro: fatigue, headache, dizziness, SUICIDAL BEHAVIOR/IDEATION (WEGOVY ONLY)

Misc: HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS (INCLUDING ANAPHYLAXIS AND ANGIOEDEMA)

Interactions

Drug-drug:

Route/Dosage

Type 2 Diabetes

Reduction in Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Established Cardiovascular Disease

Chronic Weight Management

Availability

Assessment

Lab Test Considerations:

Implementation

Patient/Family Teaching

Evaluation/Desired Outcomes

US Brand Names

Ozempic, Rybelsus, Wegovy