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Pronunciation

LOX-a-peen

Classifications

Therapeutic Classification: antipsychotics

Indications

BEERS REMS


Action

  • Appears to block dopamine and serotonin at postsynaptic receptor sites in the CNS.
Therapeutic effects:
  • Diminution of psychotic behavior.
  • Decreased agitation

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Bioavailability is approximately 30%; rapid, but variable, absorption with inhalation.

Distribution: Unknown.

Protein Binding: 97%.

Metabolism/Excretion: Extensively metabolized by the liver; some conversion to active antipsychotic compounds.

Half-Life: PO: 3–4 hr; Inhalation: 6–8 hr.

Time/Action Profile

(antipsychotic effect)

ROUTEONSETPEAKDURATION
PO30 min1.5–3 hr12 hr
Inhaln2 minUnknownUnknown





Contraind./Precautions

Contraindicated in:

Use Cautiously in:

Adv. Reactions/Side Effects

CV: orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia

Derm: dermatitis, edema, facial photosensitivity, pigment changes, rash, seborrhea

EENT: blurred vision, lens opacities, nasal congestion

Endo: galactorrhea

GI: constipation, drug-induced hepatitis, dry mouth, ileus, nausea, vomiting

GU: urinary retention

Hemat: AGRANULOCYTOSIS

Neuro: confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, ataxia, extrapyramidal reactions, headache, insomnia, NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME, sedation, SEIZURES, syncope, tardive dyskinesia, weakness

Resp: BRONCHOSPASM (INHALATION)

Misc: allergic reactions

Interactions

Drug-drug:

Drug-Natural Products:

Route/Dosage

Availability

(Generic available)

Assessment

Lab Test Considerations:

Toxicity and Overdose:

Implementation

Patient/Family Teaching

Evaluation/Desired Outcomes

US Brand Names

Adasuve, Loxitane

Canadian Brand Names

Loxapac, Xylac