olopatadine (nasal)

Therapeutic Classification: allergy, cold and cough remedies

Pharmacologic Classification: antihistamines

Indications ⬆ ⬇

REMS

Seasonal allergic rhinitis.

Action ⬆ ⬇

Antagonizes the effects of histamine at histamine₁ receptor sites; does not bind to or inactivate histamine.

Therapeutic effects:

Decreased symptoms of histamine excess including rhinorrhea, sneezing, and nasal itching.

Pharmacokinetics ⬆ ⬇

Absorption: 57% absorbed from nasal mucosa.

Distribution: Unknown.

Metabolism/Excretion: Minimal metabolism; 70% eliminated in urine mostly as unchanged drug; 17% fecal elimination.

Half-Life: 8–12 hr.

Time/Action Profile ⬆ ⬇

ROUTE	ONSET	PEAK	DURATION
Nasal	rapid	unknown	12 hr

Contraind./Precautions ⬆ ⬇

Contraindicated in:

None.

Use Cautiously in:

OB: Safety not established in pregnancy;
Lactation: Safety not established in breastfeeding;
Pedi: Children <6 yr (safety and effectiveness not established);
Geri: Dose cautiously in older adults; consider age-related ↓ in organ function and concurrent medications.

Adv. Reactions/Side Effects ⬆ ⬇

EENT: epistaxis, nasal perforation, nasal ulceration, pharyngolaryngeal pain, postnasal drip

GI: bitter taste

Neuro: drowsiness, headache

Resp: cough

Interactions ⬆ ⬇

Drug-drug:

↑CNS depression may occur with alcohol; avoid concurrent use.

Route/Dosage ⬆ ⬇

(Adults and Children ≥12 yr): 2 sprays in each nostril twice daily.
(Children 6–11 yr): 1 spray in each nostril twice daily.

Availability ⬆ ⬇

(Generic available)

Nasal spray: 665 mcg/spray in 30.5-g bottle (provides 240 sprays)
In combination with: mometasone (Ryaltris). See Appendix [not included in this PDA edition].

Assessment ⬆ ⬇

Assess for symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis (sneezing, runny nose, nasal itching) prior to and during therapy.

Implementation ⬆ ⬇

Administer 2 sprays per nostril twice daily.

Patient/Family Teaching ⬆ ⬇

Instruct patient to prime nasal spray by releasing 5 sprays or spraying until a fine mist appears before initial use. If unit has not been used within 7 days, reprime with 2 sprays. Advise patient to discard nasal device after 240 sprays (30 days) even if bottle is not completely empty; correct amount of medication cannot be assured after 240 sprays.
May cause drowsiness. Advise patient to avoid driving or other activities that require alertness until response to medication is known.
Instruct patient to avoid concurrent use of alcohol or other CNS depressants.
Rep: Advise females of reproductive potential to notify health care professional if pregnancy is planned or suspected or if breastfeeding.

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Pronunciation ⬇

Classifications ⬆ ⬇