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Table 12-4

Common Pathogens and Sites of Infection in Patients Who Are Critically Ill

SitePathogen
CNSStreptococcus pneumoniae
Neisseria meningitidis
Haemophilus influenzae
Group B Streptococcus
Listeria spp.
OralPeptostreptococcus
Actinomyces
Anaerobic GNR ( Prevotella spp., etc)
Viridans group Streptococcus
Upper respiratoryStreptococcus pyogenes
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Haemophilus influenzae
Moraxella catarrhalis
Lower respiratoryStreptococcus pneumoniae
Haemophilus influenzae
Atypicals ( Legionella spp., Mycoplasma spp.)
Staphylococcus aureus
Enteric and non-enteric GNR
Intra-abdominalEnteric GNR
Enterococcus spp.
Streptococcus spp.
Bacteroides spp.
Skin and soft tissueStaphylococcus aureus
Coagulase-negative staphylococci
Streptococcus pyogenes
Bone and jointStaphylococcus aureus
Coagulase-negative staphylococci
Streptococcus spp.
Enteric and non-enteric GNR
GenitourinaryEnteric GNR
Staphylococcus saprophyticus

GNR, gram-negative rods.