A continuous peripheral nerve block (also called perineural regional analgesia) involves the establishment of an initial local anesthetic block, followed by the placement of a catheter through which an infusion of local anesthetic is administered continuously, with or without PCA capability (Pasero, Polomano, Portenoy, & McCaffery, 2011). When PCA capability is added, this is referred to as patient-controlled regional analgesia (PCRA). Supplemental opioid or nonopioid-opioid analgesia is provided for breakthrough pain when continuous infusion only is used. In the acute pain setting, the therapy typically is continued during the first 24 to 72 hours postoperatively, depending on the type of surgery. Recent advances in operator skill, catheters, and infusion devices made specifically for continuous peripheral nerve block have resulted in the widespread use of this technique for a variety of types of pain, particularly surgical pain, in both inpatient and outpatient settings.