Aneurysms can be repaired using a traditional open approach, where the aneurysm sac is opened and a prosthetic graft is sewn to the normal aorta proximally and distally. The aneurysm sac is then closed over the prosthetic graft to protect it from infection and erosion into the bowel in the case of an AAA.
An endovascular approach utilizes uses a stent graft consisting of fabric covering metal supports, which then attaches to the aorta by fixation devices. The stent graft directs blood flow through it, thereby taking pressure off the aortic wall. The aneurysm is still there, but is said to be excluded. Since the aneurysm is still present these patients require frequent follow up. Many companies now produce these stent grafts. Which graft is used depends on the operator’s preference and/or the patient’s anatomy.