Nonobstetric surgery during pregnancy is uncommon, performed in 1.5 to 2.0% of all pregnancies (Speichinger & Holschneider, 2013). Both the mother and the fetus must be considered when planning surgical care. Procedures should be limited to emergencies; if nonemergent surgery must occur during pregnancy, the second trimester is recommended. Avoid imaging that exposes the fetus to radiation when possible; risk varies with exposure and gestational age. Anesthesia is considered generally safe; regional anesthesia is recommended when appropriate for the procedure. Perioperative monitoring and maintenance of oxygen-carrying capacity, affinity, arterial PO2, and placental blood flow can reduce the risk of intrauterine asphyxia for the fetus. Displacing the uterus (left lateral positioning) helps prevent venocaval compression and hypotension. Oxygen supplementation and volume and blood pressure maintenance maximize fetal oxygenation. If a vasopressor is needed for the mother, ephedrine is the best option because it produces less vasospasm, particularly of the uterine artery. Continuous fetal monitoring is recommended for the latter half of gestation to detect preterm labor and appropriate intervention during and after the surgical procedure.