Hysteroscopy uses a lighted endoscope inserted through the vagina and cervix and into the uterus, for evaluation and treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). It can also be used to evaluate and treat women with infertility (Hoffman et al., 2012g). It may be combined with D&C for treating AUB. Endometrial ablation is accomplished by a variety of hysteroscopic techniques, including an Nd:YAG laser, rollerball, thermal balloon ablation, hysteroscopic thermal ablation, impedance-controlled electrocoagulation, microwave, and cryoablation. When operative hysteroscopy is performed, a distention medium is used to separate the uterine walls for viewing the endometrium. These media include one of the following: carbon dioxide, saline, and low-viscous solutions (sorbitol, mannitol, glycine). Significant complications include uterine perforation and hemorrhage. Fluid overload from the distention medium can result in water intoxication or hyponatremia. Recovery after an endometrial ablation is typically rapid; spotting or light bleeding is common and stops within a few days after the procedure.