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A. Hypersensitivity

  1. Erythema multiforme ("Target Lesion")
    1. Drugs: TMP/SMX (Bactrim®), Ampicillin
    2. Infection: Streptococcus
    3. Viral: Herpes, Cocksackie, Adenovirus, Hepatitis B (PAN), Hepatitis C (cryoglobulinemia)
  2. Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
  3. Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN)

B. Trauma

  1. Direct
  2. Bleeding Diathesis

C. Infection

  1. Bacteria: gonococcus, streptococcus, chlamydia
  2. Virus
  3. Spirochete: especially Lyme Disease
  4. Rickettsia
  5. Mycoplasma

D. Neoplastic

  1. Bone
  2. Cartilage
  3. Leukemia

E. Collagen-Vascular Disease

  1. Rheumatoid Arthritis
  2. Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
  3. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
  4. Mixed Connective Tissue Disease
  5. Henoch-Schnlein Purpura
  6. Kawasaki Disease
  7. Periarteritis (HUS/TTP)
  8. Reiter's Syndrome

F. Metabolic

  1. Gout: tophus formation, asymmetrical
  2. Pseudogout (CPPD)
  3. Hemochromatosis

G. Hematologic

  1. Leukemia
  2. Hemophilia
  3. von Willebrand's Disease

H. Associated Disease

  1. Inflammatory Bowel Disease
  2. Psoriasis
  3. Lyme (associated) Arthritis
  4. Diarrhea associated

I. Polyarthritis

  1. Fever >40°C Still's Disease Bacterial Arthritis Systemic Lupus (SLE)
  2. Fever prior to arthritis Viral arthritis Lyme Disease Reiter's Disease Post-Gastrointestinal Infection Still's Disease Endocarditis
  3. Migratory Gonococcemia Meningococcemia Viral Arthritis SLE Acute Leukemia Rheumatic Fever Whipple's Disease
  4. Large Effusion TB Arthritis Endocarditis IBD Associated Temporal Arteritis Lyme Disease
  5. Rheumatoid Factor Positive Rheumatoid Arthritis Viral Arthritis Endocarditis TB SLE Sarcoidosis Other CVD
  6. Morning Stiffness RA Polymyalgia Rheumatica Still's Disease
  7. Symmetric Small Joint Effusions Rheumatoid Arthritis SLE Viral Arthritis
  8. Leukocytosis Bacterial Arthritis / Endocarditis Still's Disease Systemic Vasculitis Acute Leukemia
  9. Leukopenia SLE Viral Arthritis
  10. Episodic Lyme Disease Crystal Disease IBD Whipple's Disease Mediterranean Fever Still's Disease SLE

J. STAR Complex

  1. STAR = Sore Throat / Temperature / Arthritis / Rash
  2. Acute: <3 weeks
    1. Rubella
    2. Parvovirus
    3. Hepatitis B Virus
    4. Adenovirus
    5. Echovirus
    6. Coxsackie-virus
    7. Epstein-Barr Virus
    8. Lyme Disease - Borellia burgdorferei
    9. Serum Sickness
  3. Chronic: >3-6 weeks
    1. Acute Rheumatic Fever
    2. Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
    3. Still's Disease

References

  1. Pinals RS. 1994. NEJM. 330(11):769 abstract