A. Acute

1. Staphylococcus - most common cause
2. Streptococcus - often with lymphangitis

B. Chronic

1. Mycobacterium
   1. Particularly atypicals (M. marinarum) and tuberculosis [2]
   2. M. kansasii, abscessus, chelonae, fortuitum, haemophilusm, avium complex
2. Tularemia - Francilla tullarensis
3. Cat Scratch Disease - Bartonella hensii
4. Plague - Yersinia pestis
5. Rat Bite Fever
6. Rickettsia
7. Fungi (particularly in immunocompromise)
   1. Especially Sporthrix schenckii
   2. Coccidiodes immitis
   3. Blastomyces dermatitiidis
   4. Histoplasma capsulatum
   5. Cryptococcus neoformis
   6. Filamentous fungi
8. Protozoa and Helminths

C. Buboes

1. Tender, enlarged lymph nodes
2. Lymphogranuloma Venerium - Chlamydia trachomatis
3. Chancroid - Haemophils ducreyi
4. Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
5. Syphilis - Treponema pallidum
6. Donavanosis - Calymmatobacterium granulomatis

D. Viral Infections

1. Mainly in immunocompromise
2. Parapoxvirus
3. Orthopoxvirus (coxvirus)

E. Cervical Lymphadenopathy Syndromes

1. Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease
2. Rosai-Dorfman Disease

References

1. Koehler JE and Duncan LM. 2005. NEJM. 353(13):1387 (Case Record)
2. Brugge WR, Mueller PR, Misdraji J. 2004. NEJM. 350(11):1131 (Case Record)