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A. Muscle Crampsnavigator

  1. True Cramp (motor unit hyperactivity)
    1. Ordinary cramps
    2. Lower motor neuron disease
    3. Hemodialysis cramps (usually lower extremities)
    4. Heat Cramps
    5. Fluid and electrolyte disorders (hypoglycemia, salt depletion, hyponatremia)
  2. Drug induced Cramps
    1. Nifedipine
    2. ß-Agonists (especially Terbutaline)
    3. Alcohol
    4. Lithium
    5. Phenothiazines
    6. Cimetidine
    7. Morphine
    8. Clofibrate
    9. Penicillamine
  3. Contracture
    1. Metabolic mypopathy
    2. Thyroid disease (hypothyroidism)
    3. McArdle's disease
  4. Tetany
    1. Hypocalcemia
    2. Hypomagnesemia
    3. Hyperkalemia and Hypokalemia
    4. Respiratory alkalosis

B. Inflammatory Muscle Disease navigator

  1. Characterized by pain and proximal muscle weakness
  2. Difficulty climbing stairs, combing hair
  3. Polymyositis
  4. Dermatomyositis
  5. Inclusion-body myositis (viral?)
  6. Granulomatous myopathy
  7. Drug and Toxin Induced Myopathy