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A. FTT in Infants [1] navigator

  1. Prenatal Causes
    1. Complications of premature birth
    2. Maternal exposures to toxins: alcohol, cocaine, others
    3. Maternal illness: toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, syphilis (TORCHS)
    4. Maternal malnutrition
    5. Chromosomal disorders
    6. Single-gene disorders
    7. Genetically associated short stature
  2. Postnatal Causes
    1. Inadequate energy intake
    2. Poor absorption or use of nutrients
    3. Increased metabolic demands
  3. Inadequate Energy Intake
    1. Cleft lip, cleft palate
    2. Choanal atresia
    3. Neuromuscular disorders
    4. Anemia
    5. Chronic infections
    6. Congenital heart disease
    7. Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD)
  4. Poor Absorption Or Use Of Nutrients
    1. Cystic fibrosis
    2. Short-gut syndrome
    3. Chronic liver or renal disease
    4. Chronic diarrhea
  5. Increased Metabolic Demands
    1. Congenital heart disease
    2. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
    3. Hyperthyroidism
    4. Renal falure
    5. Neoplasms
    6. Infectious or inflammatory processes

B. Failure to Thrive in Adults [2] navigator

  1. Declining physical function
  2. Cognitive Impairment
  3. Malnutrition
  4. Depression
  5. History of hypoxemia and/or hypotension
  6. Generally in older persons

References navigator

  1. Stoler JM, Leach NT, Donahoe PK. 2004. NEJM. 351(22):2319 (Case Record) abstract
  2. Moller JT, Cluitmans P, Rasmussen LS, et al. 1998. Lancet. 351(9106):857 abstract