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A. Metabolic Alkalosis navigator

  1. Volume Depletion (hypochloremic)
    1. vomiting
    2. diuretics
    3. decreased fluid intake
  2. Hyperadrenocorticism
    1. Cushing's Syndrome
    2. Hyperaldosteronism
    3. Bartler's Syndrome
  3. Severe potassium depletion
  4. Excessive alkali intake
    1. Bicarbonate (NaHCO3)
    2. Sodium (Na) penicillins
    3. Na citrate (in blood products as stabilizer)
  5. Hypoproteinemia: decreased anion gap

B. Respiratory Alkalosisnavigator

  1. Hypoxic Drive Increased
    1. COPD
    2. Heart disease
    3. High Altitudes
  2. Overventilation
  3. Sepsis (usually Gram-negative)
  4. Exercise
  5. Hepatic Cirrhosis, Failure
  6. Respiratory Center Stimulation
    1. Fever
    2. Salicylates (independent of metabolic acidosis)
    3. Theophylline
    4. Anxiety