A. Gastroenteritis
- Viral: Norwalk agents, adenovirus, Hepatitis A, Rotovirus, poliovirus
- Bacterial: E. coli, Shigella ssp, Salmonella ssp, C. difficile, Y. enterocolitica, etc.
- Protozoan: Giardia lambli, Entamoeba histolytica, Toxoplasma gondii, Strongyloides
- Other: cytomegalovirus (CMV), Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI)
- HIV Associated Diarrhea
- Bacterial: Campylobacter, C. difficile, MAI, Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia
- Protozoal: cryptosporidium, amoeba, giardia, microsporia (isospora), strongyloides
- Viral: adenovirus, CMV, Herpes simplex virus, rotavirus
B. Food Poisoning
- Staphylococcal ssp - enterotoxin producing strains
- B. cereus toxins
- Clostridium botulinum
C. Malabsorption Syndrome
- Lactose Intolerance
- Celiac Disease
- Pancreatic Insufficiency
- Short Bowel Syndrome
- Whipple's Disease
D. Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Crohn's Disease
- Ulcerative Colitis
- Collagenous Colitis
- Lymphocytic Colitis
E. Secretory Diarrhea
- Carcinoid Syndrome - seretonin secretion most common (other bioactive amines)
- WDHHA - watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, hypochlorhydria, acidosis
- Cholera
- Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome - gastrinomas (66% sporadic, 33% MEN-1 associated)
- VIPoma
- Medullary Carcinoma of THyroid
- Villous adenoma of rectum
- Laxative Abuse
F. Miscellaneous
- Laxative Use / Abuse
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome (diarrhea variant)
- Magnesium containing agents
- Drugs: sulfasalazine and related compounds, cisapride, misoprostal, some antibiotics
- Early Intestinal Obstruction - distal hypersecretion