A. Large Dye Load (eg. >125cc)
B. Diabetes Mellitus
C. Congetive Heart Failure
D. Cerebrovascular Disease
E. Renal Insufficiency
A. Goodpasture's Syndrome
B. Acute Bacterial Endocarditis
C. IgA Nephropathy
D. Wegener's Granulomatosis (ANCA positive)
E. Lupus Nephritis
The sodium is 130mM (normal 135-145mM), potassium 5.6mM (normal 3.5-5.2mM), chloride 96mM (normal 98-108mM), bicarbonate 20mM (normal 24-30mM), BUN 62mg/dL, Creatinine 3.8mg/dL, glucose 96mM. The LDH is 546 U/mL (normal <100U/mL), CPK 38U/mL (normal), AST 130 U/mL (normal <35U/mL), ALT 50U/mL (normal <38U/mL), alkaline phosphatase 260U/mL (normal <110U/mL), total bilirubin 1.4mg/mL (normal). The WBC is 3.2K/µl (normal 4.5-10.5K/µl) and the differential is pending. The hematocrit is 32% and the platelet count is 101K/µl (normal 150-350K/µl). The PT is 12.0 seconds (control 11.8), PTT 32 seconds (control 22 seconds). |
A. Administer low ("renal range") dose dopamine to improve urine output
B. Administer an intravenous bolus of methylprednisolone
C. Arrange an emergent renal biopsy to evaluate the cause of the renal failure
D. Perform a diagnostic and therapeutic pericardial tap
E. Wait for results of ANA, ANCA, and RF tests and blood cultures (available in 48 hours)
A. Goodpasture's Syndrome
B. Acute Bacterial Endocarditis
C. IgA Nephropathy
D. Wegener's Granulomatosis (ANCA positive)
E. Lupus Nephritis
A. Mixed metabolic acidosis and respiratory alkalosis
B. Mixed metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis
C. Metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation
D. Respiratory alkalosis with metabolic compensation
E. Metabolic alkalosis and respiratory acidosis
A. The urine sodium is typically >15mM
B. The condition develops in the setting of portal hypertension
C. Liver transplantation is currently the only effective therapy
D. Ascites, often massive, is typically present
E. Albumin infusions, furosemide, and spironolactone rarely reverses the condition
Which of the following electrolyte disorders could NOT explain the delirium in this patient [7] ? |
A. Hypocalcemia
B. Hyponatremia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hyperkalemia
E. Hypernatremia
A. Calcitonin, then Pamidronate
B. Bicarbonate and Furosemide
C. Hypertonic Saline
D. Fluid Restriction and Normal Saline with Furosemide
E. Normal Saline
TOPIC CARD REFERENCES |