CPR Quick Reference (All Ages*)
Determine unresponsiveness
- Adult: first call 911: get help and/or AED if available
- Child or infant: call 911 after 2 minutes (five cycles) of CPR
Airway: open airway
- All ages: head-tilt, chin-lift; if trauma suspected, use jaw thrust method
Breathing: assess for breathing
- If not breathing, give two slow breaths at 1 sec/breath
- If unsuccessful, reposition airway, and reattempt to ventilate; if still unsuccessful, see Choking Quick Reference next section)
Circulation: check for pulse for up to 10 seconds
- Pulse present, but Pt not breathing: begin rescue breathing
- No definite pulse after 10 seconds: start chest compressions
Defibrillation/AED(AED may not reflect updated AHA standards; follow AED voice prompts)
- Give 2 minutes of CPR between shocks
- Adults: do not use pediatric pads (must be >8 yr or >80 lb)
- Child: use adult pads if pediatric pads unavailable
- Recheck pulse every 2 minutes and after each shock
| Adult | Child and Infant | Newborn | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ventilations | 10–12/min; ET: 8-10/min | 15–20/min; ET: 8–10/min | 40–60/min |
| Pulse Check | Carotid | Child: carotid Infant: brachial | Brachial or umbilicus |
| Events/Min | 100/min | 100/min | 120/min |
| Ratio | 30:2 (1 or 2 rescuers) | 30:2 (15:2 if 2 rescuers) | 3:1 (1 or 2 rescuers) |
| Depth | 1½–2 in. | ½– depth of chest | depth of chest |
| Hand Positioning | Lower half of sternum | Child: same as adult; Infant NB: one finger width below nipple line | |
* Adult: adolescent and older; child: 1 yr to adolescent; infant: <1 yr; newborn: birth to 1 mo