In the UKCCCR study, combined modality therapy resulted in:

• Reduced 3-year local failure rates (39% vs. 61%, p<.0001)
• Reduced death from anal cancer (relative risk 0.71, 0.53–0.95, p = .02)
• More frequent early (p = .03), but not late morbidity
• No statistically significant difference in 3-year overall survival (65% for combined modality therapy, 58% for radiation alone)

Reference(s)

• UKCCCR Anal Cancer Trial Working Party. UK Co-ordinating Committee on Cancer Research. Epidermoid anal cancer: results from the UKCCCR rand omised trial of radiotherapy alone versus radiotherapy, 5-fluorouracil, and mitomycin. Lancet. 1996;348:1049-1054.