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Figure 127-1

An Algorithm to Assess for Causes of Pulmonary Hypertension

An algorithm to assess for causes of pulmonary hypertension. In the absence of an identifiable etiology, idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension would be suspected. ASD, atrial septal defect; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IPAH, idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension; PDA, patent ductus arteriosus; PFTs, pulmonary function tests; RF, rheumatoid factor; Scl-70, anti-topoisomerase 1 antibodies; V/Q, ventilation/perfusion; VSD, ventricular septal defect.