Initial evaluation
Physical examination: skin lesions, mucous membranes, IV catheter sites, perirectal area
Granulocyte count: absolute count <500/µL; expected duration of neutropenia
Blood cultures; chest radiogram; other appropriate studies based on history (sputum, urine, skin biopsy)

Subsequent therapy
Treat the infection with the best available antibiotics. Do not narrow the spectrum unnecessarily. Continue to treat for both gram-positive and gram-negative aerobes.

Continue treatment until neutropenia resolves (granulocyte count >500/µL).

Initial therapy
Treat with antibiotic(s) effective against both gram-negative and gram-positive aerobes.

Follow-up
Obvious infectious site found

Follow-up
No obvious infectious site

End

Continue regimen.

Add a broad-spectrum antifungal agent.

Subsequent therapy
Afebrile

Subsequent therapy
Febrile