Viruses Causing Acute Meningitis and Encephalitis in North America
| Acute Meningitis | |
|---|---|
| Common | Less Common |
Enteroviruses (coxsackieviruses, echoviruses, and human enteroviruses 68-71) Varicella-zoster virus Herpes simplex virus 2 Epstein-Barr virus Arthropod-borne viruses HIV | Herpes simplex virus 1 Human herpesvirus 6 Cytomegalovirus Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus Mumps |
| Acute Encephalitis | |
| Common | Less Common |
Herpesviruses Cytomegalovirusa Herpes simplex virus 1b Herpes simplex virus 2 Human herpesvirus 6 Varicella-zoster virus Epstein-Barr virus Arthropod-borne viruses La Crosse virus West Nile virusc St. Louis encephalitis virus Enteroviruses | Rabies Eastern equine encephalitis virus Powassan virus Cytomegalovirusa Colorado tick fever virus Mumps |
aImmunocompromised host.
bThe most common cause of sporadic encephalitis.
cThe most common cause of epidemic encephalitis.