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Table 142-1

Causes of Acute Glomerulonephritis

  1. Infectious diseases
    1. Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritisa
    2. Nonstreptococcal postinfectious glomerulonephritis
      1. Bacterial: infective endocarditis, “shunt nephritis,” sepsis, pneumococcal pneumonia, typhoid fever, secondary syphilis, meningococcemia
      2. Viral: hepatitis B, infectious mononucleosis, mumps, measles, varicella, vaccinia, echovirus, and coxsackievirus
      3. Parasitic: malaria, toxoplasmosis
      4. IgA dominant postinfectious glomerulonephritis—usually poststaphylococcal
  2. Multisystem diseases: SLE, vasculitis, Henoch-Schönlein purpura, Goodpasture's syndrome
  3. Primary glomerular diseases: mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis, Berger's disease (IgA nephropathy), “pure” mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis
  4. Miscellaneous: Guillain-Barré syndrome, irradiation of Wilms' tumor, self-administered diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus vaccine, serum sickness

aMost common cause.

Source: RJ Glassock, BM Brenner: HPIM-13.