Treatment of Acute Migraine
Drug | Trade Name | Dosage |
---|---|---|
Simple Analgesics | ||
Acetaminophen, aspirin, caffeine | Excedrin Migraine | Two tablets or caplets q6h (max eight per day) |
NSAIDs | ||
Naproxen | Aleve, Anaprox, generic | 220-550 mg PO bid |
Ibuprofen | Advil, Motrin, Nuprin, generic | 400 mg PO q3-4h |
Tolfenamic acid | Clotam Rapid | 200 mg PO; may repeat ×1 after 1-2 h |
Diclofenac K | Cambia | 50 mg PO with water |
5-HT1 Receptor Agonists | ||
Oral | ||
Ergotamine 1 mg, caffeine 100 mg | Cafergot | One or two tablets at onset, then one tablet q½h (max 6 per day, 10 per week) |
Naratriptan | Amerge | 2.5-mg tablet at onset; may repeat once after 4 h |
Rizatriptan | Maxalt | 5- to 10-mg tablet at onset; may repeat after 2 h (max 30 mg/d) |
Maxalt-MLT | ||
Sumatriptan | Imitrex | 50- to 100-mg tablet at onset; may repeat after 2 h (max 200 mg/d) |
Frovatriptan | Frova | 2.5-mg tablet at onset, may repeat after 2 h (max 5 mg/d) |
Almotriptan | Axert | 12.5-mg tablet at onset, may repeat after 2 h (max 25 mg/d) |
Eletriptan | Relpax | 40 or 80 mg |
Zolmitriptan | Zomig | 2.5-mg tablet at onset; may repeat after 2 h (max 10 mg/d) |
Zomig Rapimelt | ||
Nasal | ||
Dihydroergotamine | Migranal Nasal Spray | Prior to nasal spray, the pump must be primed four times; one spray (0.5 mg) is administered, followed in 15 min by a second spray |
Sumatriptan | Imitrex Nasal Spray | 5- to 20-mg intranasal spray as four sprays of 5 mg or a single 20-mg spray (may repeat once after 2 h, not to exceed a dose of 40 mg/d) |
Zolmitriptan | Zomig | 5-mg intranasal spray as one spray (may repeat once after 2 h, not to exceed a dose of 10 mg/d) |
Parenteral | ||
Dihydroergotamine | DHE-45 | 1 mg IV, IM, or SC at onset and q1h (max 3 mg/d, 6 mg per week) |
Sumatriptan | Imitrex Injection Alsuma Sumavel DosePro | 6 mg SC at onset (may repeat once after 1 h for max of two doses in 24 h) |
Dopamine Receptor Antagonists | ||
Oral | ||
Metoclopramide | Reglan,a generica | 5-10 mg/d |
Prochlorperazine | Compazine,a generica | 1-25 mg/d |
Parenteral | ||
Chlorpromazine | Generica | 0.1 mg/kg IV at 2 mg/min; max 35 mg/d |
Metoclopramide | Reglan,a generic | 10 mg IV |
Prochlorperazine | Compazine,a generica | 10 mg IV |
Other | ||
Oral | ||
Acetaminophen, 325 mg, plus dichloralphenazone, 100 mg, plus isometheptene, 65 mg | Midrin, generic | Two capsules at onset followed by one capsule q1h (max five capsules) |
Nasal | ||
Butorphanol | Generic | 1 mg (one spray in one nostril), may repeat if necessary in 1-2 h |
Parenteral | ||
Opioids | Generica | Multiple preparations and dosages; see Table 5-2. |
aNot all drugs are specifically indicated by the FDA for migraine. Local regulations and guidelines should be consulted.
Note: Antiemetics (e.g., domperidone 10 mg or ondansetron 4 or 8 mg) or prokinetics (e.g., metoclopramide 10 mg) are sometimes useful adjuncts.
Abbreviations: 5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine.