Major Causes of Polyuria
Excessive fluid intake | Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus |
Primary polydipsia | Lithium exposure |
Iatrogenic (IV fluids) | Urinary tract obstruction |
Therapeutic | Papillary necrosis |
Diuretic agents | Reflux nephropathy |
Osmotic diuresis | Interstitial nephritis |
Hyperglycemia | Hypercalcemia |
Hereditary (V2R, AQP-1/2) | |
Azotemia | Central diabetes insipidus |
Mannitol | Tumor |
Radiocontrast | Postoperative Head trauma Basilar meningitis Neurosarcoidosis |
Abbreviations: AQP, aquaporin; V2R, vasopressin type 2 receptor.