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Table 46-2

Major Causes of Polyuria

Excessive fluid intakeNephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Primary polydipsiaLithium exposure
Iatrogenic (IV fluids) Urinary tract obstruction
Therapeutic Papillary necrosis
Diuretic agents Reflux nephropathy
Osmotic diuresis Interstitial nephritis
Hyperglycemia Hypercalcemia
Hereditary (V2R, AQP-1/2)
AzotemiaCentral diabetes insipidus
Mannitol Tumor
Radiocontrast

Postoperative

Head trauma

Basilar meningitis

Neurosarcoidosis

Abbreviations: AQP, aquaporin; V2R, vasopressin type 2 receptor.