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Table 173-1

Criteria for Testing for Pre-Diabetes and Diabetes in Asymptomatic Individualsa

Risk Factors

  • First-degree relative with diabetes
  • Physical inactivity
  • Race/ethnicity (e.g., African American, Latino, Native American, Asian American, Pacific Islander)
  • Previously identified IFG, IGT, or a hemoglobin A1C of 5.7-6.4%
  • History of GDM or delivery of baby >4 kg (>9 lb)
  • Hypertension (blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg)
  • HDL cholesterol level ≤0.90 mmol/L (35 mg/dL) and/or a triglyceride level ≥2.82 mmol/L (250 mg/dL)
  • Polycystic ovary syndrome or acanthosis nigricans
  • History of vascular disease

aTesting should be considered in all adults at age 45 and adults <45 years with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 and one or more of the following risk factors for diabetes.

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; IFG, impaired fasting glucose; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance.

Source: Adapted from American Diabetes Association: Diabetes Care 37(Suppl 1):S14, 2014.