Risks of Transfusion Complications
Frequency, Episodes: Unit | |
---|---|
Reactions | |
Febrile (FNHTR) | 1-4:100 |
Allergic | 1-4:100 |
Delayed hemolytic | 1:1000 |
TRALI | 1:5000 |
Acute hemolytic | 1:12,000 |
Fatal hemolytic | 1:100,000 |
Anaphylactic | 1:150,000 |
Infectionsa | |
Hepatitis B | 1:220,000 |
Hepatitis C | 1:1,800,000 |
HIV-1, HIV-2 | 1:2,300,000 |
HTLV-I, HTLV-II | 1:2,993,000 |
Malaria | 1:4,000,000 |
Other complications | |
RBC allosensitization | 1:100 |
HLA allosensitization | 1:10 |
Graft-versus-host disease | Rare |
aInfectious agents rarely associated with transfusion, theoretically possible, or of unknown risk include West Nile virus, hepatitis A virus, parvovirus B-19, Babesia microti (babesiosis), Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme disease), Anaplasma phagocytophilum (human granulocytic ehrlichiosis), Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas' disease), Treponema pallidum, and human herpesvirus 8.
Abbreviations: FNHTR, febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction; HLA, human leukocyte antigen; HTLV, human T lymphotropic virus; TRALI, transfusion-related acute lung injury.