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Table 181-2

Causes of Seizures

Neonates (<1 month)

Perinatal hypoxia and ischemia

Intracranial hemorrhage and trauma

CNS infection

Metabolic disturbances (hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, pyridoxine deficiency)

Drug withdrawal

Developmental disorders

Genetic disorders

Infants and children (>1 month and <12 years)

Febrile

Genetic disorders (metabolic, degenerative, primary epilepsy syndromes)

CNS infection

Developmental disorders

Trauma

Adolescents (12-18 years)

Trauma

Genetic disorders

Infection

Illicit drug use

Brain tumor

Young adults (18-35 years)Trauma
Alcohol withdrawal
Illicit drug use
Brain tumor
Autoantibodies
Older adults (>35 years)Cerebrovascular disease
Brain tumor
Alcohol withdrawal
Metabolic disorders (uremia, hepatic failure, electrolyte abnormalities, hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia)
Alzheimer's disease and other degenerative CNS diseases
Autoantibodies