Renal Diseases Associated with Monoclonal Immunoglobulins
Disease | Notes |
---|---|
Cast nephropathy | Most common cause of CKD in myeloma |
Tubular obstruction with light chains | |
Interstitial inflammation | |
Acute or chronic renal failure | |
Light chain deposition disease | Nephrotic syndrome, chronic renal failure, ~40% have associated myeloma |
Heavy chain deposition disease | Nephrotic syndrome, chronic renal failure |
Monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease | Nephrotic syndrome, chronic renal failure |
AL amyloidosis | Nephrotic syndrome, cardiac/endocrine/neuropathic involvement |
~10% have associated myeloma | |
Renal tubular dysfunction (RTA, nephrogenic DI, etc.) | |
Hypercalcemia | With myeloma |
Hyperviscosity syndrome | With Waldenström's macroglobulinemia |
Fanconi syndrome | Glucosuria, aminoaciduria, phosphaturia, ± hypouricemia, proximal RTA, etc. |
Abbreviations: CKD, chronic kidney disease; DI, diabetes insipidus; RTA, renal tubular acidosis.